Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay Essay Example

Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay Essay The purpose of this survey or treatment is to analyze and discourse the impact of the labour authorities policy on teenage gestation and societal exclusion in the United Kingdom, to what extent has the policy achieved its purposes and aims and if the aims have non been met, why and how it may be improved, what are its defects and restraints in the execution procedure or if the policy itself was non good set together. Barry ( 2002 ) argues that societal exclusion occurs when persons or groups are non given the chance to take part in society, whether or non they desire to take part. The British Government in 2001 defined societal exclusion as a shorthand term for what can go on when people or countries suffer from a combination of linked jobs such as unemployment, hapless accomplishments, low incomes, hapless lodging, high offense, bad wellness and household dislocation . ( Cabinet Office, 2001 ) We will write a custom essay sample on Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Teenage Pregnancy And Social Exclusion Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Burchardt, Le Grand and Piachaud, ( 2002 ) place ingestion ( the capacity to buy goods and services, including wellness services ) , production ( taking portion in economically or socially valuable activities including voluntary work ) , political interaction or engagement ( engagement in local or national decision-making ) and societal interactions ( integrating with household, friends and the wider community ) as the four cardinal elements of societal engagement. These elements separately can stand for an result step for societal exclusion or inclusion. Adolescent gestation is a hazard factor for societal exclusion. Social disadvantage refers to a scope of societal and economic troubles an person can confront such as unemployment, poorness, and favoritism and is distributed unevenly on the footing of socio-demographic features such as ethnicity, socioeconomic place, educational degree, and topographic point of abode ( Wellings and Kane, 1999 ) . Social exclusion can go on to anybody but is more prevailing among immature people in attention, immature people non in school and among adolescents turning up in low income families, or those turning up with household struggles and people from some minority cultural communities are disproportionately at hazard of societal exclusion. people are besides most vulnerable at periods such as go forthing place, attention or instruction. Adolescent birth rates in the UK are the highest in Western Europe and gestation among misss under 16 old ages of age in England and Wales have increased since 2006, more than four in 10 misss still get pregnant before the age of 20. Two-thirdss of all pupils have sex before graduating from school and are exposed to gestation and sexually familial diseases. ( ONS, 2009 ) . Social exclusion Unit ( 2001 ) in their study to cabinet said that In England, there are about 90,000 constructs a twelvemonth to adolescents ; about 7,700 to girls under 16 and 2,200 to misss aged 14 or under. Roughly three-fifths of constructs 56,000 consequence in unrecorded births. Although more than two-thirds of under 16s do non hold sex and most adolescent misss reach their mid-twentiess without acquiring pregnant, the UK has teenage birth rates which are twice every bit high as in Germany, three times every bit high as in France and six times every bit high as in the Netherlands. Teenss that get pregnant are less likely to finish their instruction therefore hazards doing their future worse. They are more likely to be individual parents and are more likely to contract sexually transmitted diseases including HIV. Every twelvemonth there are new entrants into adolescent universe. The hazard factors that affect early teenage gestations are economic disadvantages, equal force per unit area, emotional hurt, sexual beliefs, attitude and accomplishments, household construction, community disadvantages, sexual hazard pickings and hapless preventive usage. ( Kirby, 2007 ) . The chief policy enterprises ( 750 ) New Labour ( 1997 ) introduced policies that aim to cut down immature people s hazards of low educational attainment, hapless or no occupation chances, criminalism and offending, adolescent gestation and sexually familial infections ( STIs ) . Tony Blair ( PM, 2001 ) in a preface to the Report by the Social Exclusion Unit on Preventing Social exclusion said Preventing exclusion where we can, reintegrating those who have become excluded, and puting in basic minimal criterions for all and we have worked in a new manner developing partnerships around common ends with the populace services, communities and charities, concerns and church administrations that have been fighting with the causes and symptoms of poorness for so long. The policy used hazard direction attacks as a manner of cut downing hazards of teenage gestation and sexually familial diseases amongst immature people by utilizing schemes that gives the single picks, duties and do them portion of the solution. New Labour s policies on teenage gestation centres around adolescent gestation and gender utilizing Knowledge Acquisition, Shifting Blame and Constituting Knowing Active Welfare Citizens as strategic Risk Management options. The New Labour authorities set up a Adolescent Pregnancy Strategy overseen by the Teenage Pregnancy Unit and the scheme centres on cut downing the rate of teenage constructs, with the specific purpose of halving the rate of constructs among under 18s by 2010. Geting more adolescent parents into instruction, preparation or employment, to cut down their hazard of long term societal exclusion. The Social Exclusion Unit was setup by the New Labour authorities to co-ordinate policy-making issues like school exclusion and hooky, unsmooth sleeping, teenage gestation, young person at hazard and deprived vicinities through, forestalling societal exclusion go oning in the first topographic point by cut downing the Numberss who go through experiences that put them at hazard or aiming action to counterbalance for the impact of these experiences, reintegrating those who become excluded back into society, by supplying clear ways back for those who have lost their occupation or their lodging, and missed out on acquisition and acquiring the rudimentss right by presenting basic minimal criterions to everyone in wellness, instruction, in-work income, employment and undertaking offense. Critically analyse policies-SID, RED, MUD Critical analysis of the Policy, ( 2000 ) Action to forestall societal exclusion is presenting consequences: the proportion of kids in places where no-one is in work has fallen from 17.9 per cent in 1997 to 15.1 per cent in 2001 ; over 100,000 kids are profiting from the Certain Start programme to guarantee they are ready to learn by the clip they reach primary school ; school exclusions have fallen by 18 per cent between 1997 and 1999 ; under-18 construct rates have fallen in four out of the last five quarters ; more 16-18 twelvemonth olds are remaining on in instruction ; the Care Leavers scheme has been introduced ; the Rough Sleepers Unit is flying new attacks to stop the fast path to homelessness from prison and the Armed Forces ; Drumhead Stakeholder Pensions will assist chair earners build up better pension entitlements from this April. Some 18 million people stand to derive from the State Second Pension, supplying more support than under the State Net incomes Related Pension Scheme ( SERPS ) for modest and low paid workers, and for carers and the handicapped ; and the personal revenue enhancement and benefit steps introduced over this Parliament mean that by October 2001, a single-earner household on half mean net incomes and with two immature kids will be ?3,000 a twelvemonth better off in existent footings compared with 1997. Families with person in full-time work will hold a guaranteed minimal income of at least ?225 a hebdomad, ?11,700 a twelvemonth. And households with kids in the poorest fifth of the population will on norm be ?1,700 a twelvemonth or around 15 per cent better off. And programmes to reintegrate people who have become excluded are entering successes: since 1997 more than 270,000 immature unemployed people have moved into work through the New Deal for Young People ; over 6,000 people have found work through the New Deal for Disabled People and over 75,000 people had found work between October 1998 and December 2000 through the New Deal for Lone Parents ; all Local Education Authorities ( LEAs ) have increased proviso for excluded students, a 3rd already make so, and two-thirds program to offer them full-time instruction in 2001 ; between June 1998 and June 2000, the figure of unsmooth slumberers fell by 36 per cent ; and the proportion of teenage parents in instruction, employment or preparation has increased from 16 to 31 per cent between 1997 and 2000. And alterations in basic public and private services are concentrating betterments on the poorest: higher criterions than of all time before in Key Stage 2 English and maths with a 10 and 13 per centum point betterment in each topic severally between 1998 and 2000 ; 44 Local Education Authorities ( LEAs ) in the 88 most deprived areas2 improved their Key Stage 2 maths consequences by 14 per cent or more between 1998 and 2000. The most improved country was Tower Hamlets, with an addition of 23 per cent ; 24 LEAs in deprived countries improved their Key Stage 2 English consequences by 11 per cent or more over the same period ; between 1998 and 2000 kids from most minority cultural communities saw a rise in accomplishment of GCSEs. This includes an eight per centum point addition in the figure of black students accomplishing five or more GCSE grade A*-C, against an norm for all students of three per centum points ; unemployment has fallen faster than the national norm in 19 of the 20 highest unemployment countries ; the combined effects of Minimum Income Guarantee ( MIG ) , Winter Fuel Payments and free telecasting licenses for those aged 75 and over mean that from April 2001 around two million of the poorest pensionary families will be at least ?800 a twelvemonth better off compared with 1997 a existent footings rise in life criterions of 17 per cent. together with revenue enhancement and benefit reforms, the national lower limit pay has helped to do work wage and promote persons to travel from benefits into work ; and by the terminal of 2000, all the high street Bankss offered a basic bank history available to all. Preventing societal exclusion These betterments are a good start. Tendencies on literacy, school exclusion, post-16 engagement and rough kiping are on path. Incomes for the poorest pensionaries and households, and for low-paid workers, have risen well. Where programmes have been slow to present consequences, for illustration on hooky, the Government is escalating action. But many of the programmes in this papers are merely in their babyhood, and are on class to present more significant consequences over clip. At the same clip, policy invention has been accompanied by new constructions and new ways of working within Government. These have created clearer answerability for cross-cutting topics such as rough sleeping, vicinity reclamation and young person policy ; set the footing for a new relationship of Partnership with groups outside Government ; organised services around the demands of the client ; and helped people to assist themselves Policy can worsen and non relieve Conclusion ( 500 ) The 1999 UK authorities s study on adolescent gestation concluded that the following were risk factors for gestations among adolescent misss: socioeconomic disadvantage, holding been oneself the kid of a adolescent parent, hapless communicating with parents, non being in instruction, preparation or work after age 16 old ages, equal force per unit area to hold sex early, educational jobs such as low accomplishment and hooky, intoxicant usage, low cognition about sexual wellness, and larning about sex from beginnings other than school However, these decisions were based on grounds that was instead old or from cross-sectional surveies, which are non the best usher to current tendencies

Web Journalism - How Journalism is Adapting to the Web

Web Journalism - How Journalism is Adapting to the Web With the decline of newspapers, theres been a lot of talk about web journalism being the future of the news business. But what exactly do we mean by web journalism? Web journalism actually encompasses a whole range of different kinds of sites, including: Newspaper Websites Websites run by newspapers are basically extensions of the papers themselves. As such, they can provide a wide range of articles in a variety of areas - news, sports, business, the arts, etc. - written by their staff of professional reporters. In some cases, newspapers shut down their printing presses but continue to operate their websites. Often, however, when the presses stop running the news staff is gutted, leaving only a bare-bones newsroom behind. Independent News Websites These sites, often found in larger cities, tend to specialize in hard-news coverage of municipal government, city agencies, law enforcement, and schools. Some of them are known for their hard-hitting investigative reporting. Their content is typically produced by small staffs of full-time reporters and freelancers. Many such independent news sites are nonprofits funded by a mix of ad revenue and contributions from donors and foundations. Hyper-Local News Sites These sites specialize in coverage of small, specific communities, right down to the individual neighborhood. As the name implies, the coverage tends to focus on extremely localized events: the police blotter, the agenda of the town board meeting, the performance of a school play. Hyper-local sites can be independent or run by newspapers as extensions of their websites. Their content is typically produced by local freelance writers and bloggers. Citizen Journalism Sites Citizen journalism sites run a wide gamut. Some are basically just online platforms where people can post video reports or pictures on virtually any subject. Others focus on a specific geographic area and provide more targeted specific coverage. Content for citizen journalism sites is usually provided by a loose affiliation of writers, bloggers and video reporters with varying degrees of journalism experience. Some citizen journalism sites are edited; others are not. Blogs Blogs are known primarily for being platforms for delivering opinion and commentary, but many actually do real reporting as well. Bloggers have varying degrees of journalism experience.

Self-Actualisation is Impossible Within Today's Organizational Essay

Self-Actualisation is Impossible Within Today's Organizational Settings - Essay Example An individual employee would be motivated to take action if nothing hinders the emergence of high-level needs. Maslow’s hierarchy needs was designed according to U.S. cultural values. According to organizational behaviourists, organizations which endeavour to accomplish the needs of their personnel, attract the best workforce and consequently motivate the workers to perform excellently. The organization can use the wages, the work environment, and the people around the workplace to motivate the employees to work harder and achieve certain goals (Schreuder & Coetzee 2010). When organizations meet the low- order needs of the personnel, the workers will struggle for self-actualization, working to become the best they can be. The employees will thus deliver at their optimal level of creativity, turning into exceptionally valuable assets to the company. The contemporary organizations have therefore; put in place measures and strategies to enable the workers to self-actualize by acc omplishing the low-order needs of the employees. Nevertheless, some organizational behaviourists argue that it is impossible to satisfy several high-order needs in organizational settings (Hodson 2001). Eventually, the concept of self-actualization is difficult or impossible to achieve effectively in organizational settings. This paper will discuss whether it is possible for an organisation to realize self-actualisation for its individual employees. The paper presents an argument for and against self-actualisation within today’s organizational settings using illustrations from the contemporary organizational contexts. The possibility of self-actualisation within organizational context Self-actualisation is possible in high-level management than low level management because top managers are better equipped to meet their self-actualization and esteem needs. This is because the backdrop of challenging jobs and opportunities at organisational levels motivates self-actualisation n eeds. Working in teams increases employees’ abilities to satisfy their self-actualisation needs. This is because teamwork gives the employees the incentive to participate in decision making which impact on both the team and the organisation’s performance. Some employees are among group of employees trained by organisations to carry out multiple job tasks that may include hiring and training subordinates, and even terminating employment based on failure to perform satisfactorily. Self-actualisation and esteem needs begin to get satisfied when employees get to learn different tasks. Employees who are less empowered or have little control over their job tasks may feel no need for self-actualisation with regard to their job tasks. Empirical evidence shows that the satisfaction of self-actualisation needs varies according to employee’s job tasks, age, background, and the size of the company (Hellriegel & Slocum 2007). Dorer and Mahoney (2006) observe that organisatio ns could increase their productivity by increasing the individual performance of each employee and by optimisation of untapped potential inherent in employees. A full operational employee is actively involved in the development and utilisation of all his/her

Strategic Evaluation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategic Evaluation Paper - Essay Example It has stood out ahead of its competitors by designing outstanding products that has left its competitors outsmarted. Having being pioneered by their leader late Steve Jobs Apple has stamped its authority in the technology world. Having all this it is important to understand that Apple has to formulate other different strategies for it to survive and outshine the rest of its competitors and also to try and embrace change as this time very few companies are surviving these days. Apple needs to focus more on innovation. For example during the latest launch Apple focused on Apple pay a new way that its customer can pay for services. Value addition may be very important for its customers as this promises its customers a different variety of service. With the world becoming integrated Apple pay will help the company in cementing its position. It is therefore important that innovations stand out (Jorgeson, 2012). Apple also needs to focus on cost effectiveness of its products. It has been associated with high prices of its product and for the multinational having to understand even though countries are recover from recession spending more money is not a friendly decision to take so it is thus important that Apple tries to find way in which it can minimize the cost without affecting the quality of the product. The fact that its products are unique, and multinational it is important to note, that in as much as Apple wants to be the market leader very few people from Asia and Africa can afford its products. Also the foreign currency fluctuations can be a great threat for its product and it is important to factor and use a stable currency so as to protect its financial implications (Kevin, 2011). Apple also a face a challenge in protecting is brand with many competitors trying to copy so as cash in on sales. Having long battle with other leaders such as Samsung will be a key factor how to go

Buddha meditation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Buddha meditation - Essay Example Moreover, meditation makes a person achieve right mindfulness. This ensures the person achieves positive results since it is through meditation that one understands self and becomes what he had thought or wanted to be earlier in life. Thus, Buddha teaches people that the only way to achieve success and dreams is through meditation. Just like Buddha, Spinoza supports meditation by claiming that when individual meditates; he understands self and life thereby ensuring he does not encounter any problem in life (Smith 110). This therefore, means that when a person meditates, he tries to lead a perfect life with little or no problems. Moreover, an individual who practices meditation understands self, and this makes him behave in a trusted manner and in mindful of others. Consequently, Buddha attributes sin to a person’s own ignorance. Our own ignorance of the true nature leads us to commit sin. He teaches that it is only through meditation that a person can understand self and realize his or her true nature thereby avoiding committing sin. He considers ignorance worse that sin because ignorance causes sin (Smith 110). Meditation ensures that one becomes aware of each action taken thereby contributing to consciousness. Therefore, it is good for a person to meditate in order to lead a sinful life thereby ensuring no suffering after death in hell. Since nobody wishes to suffer or experience the agony after death, it is good for human beings to meditate. Moreover, since meditation ensures that one leads a moral life through understanding of the true nature, it also contributes to peaceful coexistence on earth. This occurs when a person does not do evil to a fellow human being since he or, she leads a moral life. Thus, it is clear that meditation makes life more meaningful since it contributes to the development and maintenance of kindness, peace, love, understanding, and unity among people of similar and various ethnic backgrounds. In addition,

Effect of Foreign Workers in Malaysia

Effect of Foreign Workers in Malaysia Malaysias economy expanded rapidly in recent years. Giant development projects run smoothly. As a result, there is a wide range of employment opportunities and labor shortage problems. Malaysia is among 10 countries listed as the top employer of foreigners in the world. Nowadays, we can meet with foreign workers from Indonesia, the Philippines, Bangladesh, Nepal, India and China who are working in various low-paying sectors such as laborers, factory workers and maids. The number of foreign workers in this country totaled to 1.85 million people with Indonesia immigrants of 1.2 million people followed by Nepal of 200,000 people. All of them include those from Myanmar, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Cambodia, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and countries in Africa. The problem of illegal immigrants is accepted in many developing countries and also in developed countries like the United State (U.S.) and Australia. U.S. for example, is addressing the crisis of illegal immigrants of 12 million people without v alid documents. Congress has approved legislation that outlines three key steps to address the problem of illegal immigrants: Repatriation of their native country, the construction of large-scale fence along the border of the United States and Mexico to block the entrance and also more severe criminal penalties on employers who hire them. According to economic experts, the U.S. economy would be crippled if the law is enforced because the majority of workers are concentrated in the agricultural sector and the construction of the immigrants. A recent study conducted by the American Federal Bureau of Plantation shows that actions against illegal immigrants would have resulted in a loss in the countrys agricultural production from $ 5 to U.S. $ 9 billion over the next three years and may reach U.S. $ 12 billion over the next four years. These foreign workers seek employments in countries with a lot of economic opportunities, particularly construction, farming, and business services. Foreign workers could be classified into two category; who came legally and illegal immigrants. FIRST CATEGORY The type of work for workers who come legally are generally determined for them, who their employer is, their place of residence and has been through various processes to meet the qualifications as an employee. They are then given a work permit which specify the duration of their work in this country. This type of category of workers has valid travel documents, free of contagious diseases, has a valid employment contract and does not bring many problems to the public. Employers are also more liable to provide shelter, food and medical services. SECOND CATEGORY Immigrants who do not go through the same processes as the first category. They also do not have valid travel documents, has a high risk of infectious diseases such as TB (tuberculosis) and easily exploitable. Government have to bear the cost of arrest and delivery of illegal immigrants to their home countries, simply because they were arrested for various immigration violations and criminal charges. The cases are more complicated as the image of negative implications on the country of origin of immigrants. REALITY Malaysia has become the focus of foreign immigrants who wish to seek lucrative income. But the entry of illegal immigrants has caused many problems. Public concern is not new immigrants. It arises due to the negative perception of the countrys population of this group is often associated with various social problems. But no worries it is not fundamentally. During the olden days, in the villages, the presence of illegal immigrants especially Indonesian immigrants are said to contribute to the occurrence of loss of property and burglary. On the other hand, Bangladesh immigrants cause parents and husbands to fear for the safety of their daughters and wives who might get tangled in a love affair. The main problem is the difficulty faced by the government to curb the entry of these illegal immigrants. Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN), the Police and the Immigration Department have work hard to apprehend them. They are arrested and placed in temporary detention camp. The arrival of immigrants, especially those without licenses causes housing problems. They will establish a residential area illegally. Some migrant groups also open forest areas as housing areas. These slum areas are not organized and lack basic services such as waste disposal systems and wastewater. Thus, environmental pollution will occur. In addition, the development of our countr y will be futile due to the emergence of the squatters. The image of our country will be affected as this reflects the weakness of the government administration and distribution of economic imbalance. There is also a rich area of illegal settlements, complete with electricity, and water. The right of the people in Malaysia will be affected. Employers prefer to hire illegal immigrants in the plantation sector, construction, and domestic helpers because their salaries are much lower. This would affect the employment opportunities of our citizens even though not a lot are interested in this job. In addition, many of them engage in the business, such as food stalls, selling jewelry, decorative lights, batik and more. In fact, some of them have become rich, have large abode without paying large income tax. At a time when our currency fell in value tremendously, the employment opportunities become narrow; this is unfair to the citizen of Malaysia. The presence of those who is labeled as illegal immigrants do not just live in the countrys gold mine to find their income, but also harbor a variety of social problems, crime and health as well as other descendants in Malaysia. The problem of illegal immigrants is accepted in many developing countries as well as developed countries like U.S. and Australia. For example, laws has been implemented in the U.S., unfortunately, this law has many great opposition from those who fight for the rights of this group. Demonstrations involving thousands of tribes that support illegal immigrants on the 1st of May which they called as A day without illegal immigrantsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ was accompanied by the owners of companies that are predominantly illegal immigrant labor. Owner of this great company claims that the role of illegal immigrants should be recognized for their contributions in the U.S. economy. MALAYSIA AS A GOLD MINE The same scenario is also happening in this country, a total of 2.4 million reported (including illegal immigrants) are now focused on the most important sectors in generating economic growth; plantations, construction and manufacturing. Imagine the impact that would be borne by the countrys economy if foreign labor is taken away suddenly out of the three sectors? We recognize that the increase in crime rates lately is related with the influx of illegal immigrants. However, it is not easily resolved, as most people think. As usual, the turmoil raised involving illegal immigrants is due to the attitude of our people. Not many among us who are willing to do what is done by these foreign workers. In the plantation sector, for example, very few of us who are willing to sweat profusely under the hot sun compared to the foreign workers. Even in the construction sector, developers are complaining due to the shortage of local workers. In fact, the government does not have much choice in inhibiting crime by illegal immigrants. After all, hiring foreign labor is cheaper than domestic labor. Sometimes the attitude of employers who wants a big profit also contributes to this problem. For example, the act of employing 1,700 workers who had completed their work permits by the glove manufacturers who are listed on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysias, which is Top Glove Corporation Bhd. There is a probability that there are many more employers involved in such activities, but cannot be detected by the authorities. In addressing the problem of crime by illegal immigrants, the measures to be taken should not be detrimental to any party. We need to recognize that the services of foreign workers are needed to generate our economy. What can be done now is to restrict the entry of new immigrants, and at the same time ensure that existing illegal immigrants have legal status. If the rising crime rate is said to be linked to an influx of immigrants, other than to obstruct them in detention, a more drastic measure needs to be taken in the long term. Research in Australia (a country which is flooded by immigrants from Asia) found that there is no increase in crime rates associated with this group. This is contrary to previous claims that the incidence of crime in the country has to do with Asian immigrants. The study found that contrary to the attitude of local residents to view with suspicion, resentment and fear (xenophobia) against Asian immigrants that contribute to crime. As a result of the attitudes of local residents who refuse to accept them in society, these immigrants feel isolated, frustrated then vent their anger by doing criminal acts against the local population. Thus, Australias migrant crime involving the public is more than a crime against property. The study of the phenomenon of crime and illegal immigrants in this country is to reduce negative perceptions and xenophobia against them and to be more prudent to accept them in society. FACTORS OF IMMIGRANT Some of these illegal immigrants are criminals who are required by the authorities in their home countries. They fled to Malaysia to escape the invasion of their home country authorities. Unfortunately, they continue to commit crimes here. Cases of robbery, murder, and rape often occur. Trauma victims will have to bear it all the time. Even some of the housing areas are broken into every night for a long period of time. This cause the local residents live in fear. A criminal case such as Indonesian citizens shot dead during a police raid is not unusual anymore. In fact, we had to deploy troops to Semporna, Sabah, to face the Filipino pirates who use sophisticated weapons to commit robbery in broad daylight. Attractions for lucrative income in Malaysia will lure foreign workers to take the necessary actions to get here, whether it is legal or not. Some use ant-lane on the border for national security, cheat educational studies passes, using a temporary visit passes and marry local citizens. There are many reasons why a lot of criminal cases involving foreign workers. Among them were financial difficulties. Living in a big city with a small income is a burden. It is not wrong if we assume that immigrants who are eager to get rich quickly without thinking about sin and the difficulties experienced by victims. Fighting among ethnic groups from the same countries also occur due to discontent and revenge. Sometimes little things can lead to death, just like what happened not long ago where an immigrant died because fighting to get into a toilet. This particular incident involved workers from Myanmar. Demand in critical sectors such as construction and farming is a description depends on the extreme nature of the construction workforce. Immigrantsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ total about 600,000 people can only give feedback and negative public perceptions of government. Government efforts, such as forgiveness, whipping and freezing of new recruitment of foreign workers have not prevented more illegal immigrants to make a living in this country. In fact, an increasing number of foreign workers, particularly immigrants who came to Malaysia show that there is a failure of prevention and control program to curb this problem. Intelligence agencies involved in enforcement actions have not been able to provide solutions to reduce the presence of these immigrants. Do we need to wait for the influx of foreign workers and immigrants to create chaos and spread diseases before finding a solution? Or is this phenomenon a side effect before we become a fully developed country by 2020? Similarly, cases of minor crimes such as theft, robbery, rape, steal, proximity and adultery are often heard. These additional activities have been disturbing the harmony of Malaysian society and motivate a small number of them to join together to accomplish a crime. In Kedah, for example, a husband and wife arrested for conspiracy because they were helping a group of immigrants from Kuala Lumpur to commit crimes, housebreaking and robbery. The result of these robberies and acts are equally distributed and continue to repeat from time to time until they are arrested. EFFECT Foreign embassies are not fully cooperating. Foreign embassies refuse to issue temporary travel documents to people so they can be sent back. Foreign embassies are also reluctant to finance the cost of repatriation. A lot of energy, money, and time are wasted in the governments efforts to prevent the entry of illegal immigrants. Some of those who have been working in this country are known to take business opportunities from local people. These conditions give a rise to dissatisfaction of local people who cannot wait for authorities to investigate and to take action, whether it is only a warning or thrashing the immigrants. Of course, they have a reason such as no permit, disturbing the local businessmen who have business licenses and the cleanliness of the food provided is not satisfactory. Eventually more foreign workers and immigrants opened their own village, send their children to government schools, using government health services and creating new slum areas. Infectious diseases will be spread widely. Illegal foreign workers will be subject to medical examination. Instead, illegal immigrants do not do so. Many of them came from rural areas in their home countries. Their health is less assured. Some of them suffer from AIDS, tuberculosis, venereal diseases, and so forth. As a result, our people could be their victims. Statistics have shown that the number of people suffering from tuberculosis increased again. Many illegal immigrants are found to be carriers of HIV and hepatitis virus. Their sexual relationships with the local prostitutes will accelerate AIDS infection. PRECUATION To solve social problems posed by the Immigrants and foreign workers involves cooperation of three parties, namely the government, private sectors and the public. Here are the field, duties and responsibilities: a. Government. As the former agency, guards and implementing policy has a huge role to ensure the full inclusion of Immigrants barred. Government has the ability to form and control laws but poor in implementation. Even though there are many prevention programs being implemented, such as bleaching and amnesty programs, there are many illegal immigrants still smuggling into this country. Enforcement agencies have to work hard to curb the inflow of immigrants from all entrances to ensure no one enters the country illegally. b. Private sector. Responsible for ensuring their employees are involved in the construction and plantation sectors have valid work permits and to give priority of local workers. If they ignore the legitimate interests of workers, the occurrence of an employer who received TB can be avoided. This event shows those who want to get cheap labor without a medical examination, a migrant can spread the disease quietly. c. Society and company. Society can provide information and to cooperate with law enforcement agencies to facilitate the eradication operations from time to time. They should not think what will be rewarded if they cooperate because the responsibility of combating illegal immigration is also a part of their responsibility. The cooperation of the employer is required to assist the government for the common good. The authorities should have a comprehensive database system of immigrants in this country. Migrants sent home to their home countries may reduce some criminal charges, but this move is not good for economic growth. Unless people in this country who are still unemployed fulfill this place. CONCLUSION The entry of foreign workers into the country is a global phenomenon in todays era of the borderless world. We cannot prevent the entry of foreign workers because of their attractive offer such as cheap labor and the skills they possess. However, to curb the entry of foreign workers who do not want to register is a big challenge for us because they can trigger more serious social problems in the future. The three parties, namely the government, the private sectors and the public should collaborate and find solutions such as awareness programs to empower the grassroots and at the same time improving the role of law enforcement agencies so that Malaysia is free from illegal immigrants. Flood and overflow of illegal immigrants is a common thing now. We as people of Malaysia should miss the atmosphere of the early 1980s when it is difficult for us to see any illegal immigrants. As a Malaysian we must reaffirm the spirit of solidarity to protect our country from invasion regardless whether it is explicit or implicit.

Women on The Street Essay -- essays research papers

Women on the Street Have you ever rushed down the street and felt that nagging feeling of guilt, as you breeze by someone lying in a doorway? Is she alive? Is she ill? Why do we all rush by without finding out is she's all right? People sit in train stations, bus stations, parks, doorways, unmistakably sick, with what, we don't know. All are seemingly alone. Some beg. Some don't. Some have open sores that ooze and bleed. Some are drunk. Some talk to themselves or formless others. They have no homes. Street people make up a small percentage of the homeless population. Most homeless people blend into the daily flow of urban life. Many families are homeless. Many babies go from the hospital into the shelter system, never knowing what it is like to go home. Women are another subgroup of the homeless. Solutions to homelessness are not easily found. But before we can solve problems, we must be sensitive enough that we create the will to find the solutions. Often if we do not feel the problem, if some emotional response is not made, we are not moved to seek solutions. We are often unmoved to even recognize the questions. We cannot afford to keep walking by. "Work is a fundamental condition of human existence," said Karl Marx. In punch-the-clock and briefcase societies no less than in agricultural or hunting and gathering societies, it is the organization of work that makes life in communities possible. Individual life as well as social life is closely tied to work. In wage labored societies, and perhaps in every other as well, much of an individual's identity is tied to their job. For most people jobs are a principal source of both independence and correctness to others. It should come as no surprise that, in the work force or out, work and jobs are important in the lives of homeless women. There are women who want to work and do, and women who want to work and do not. There are women who cannot work and others who should not work and still others who do not want to work. Some work regularly, some intermittently; some work part-time, some full-time; and there are even those who work two jobs. At any given moment, there is a lot of job-searching, job losing, job changing, and ... ...es could have contained the explosive forces of racial animosity, social class differences, competition for resources, overcrowding, individuals who were not always in control of their actions, and individuals who wanted to disassociate themselves from the group. but came against these forces, and born mainly out of shared homelessness and common needs, was a powerful impulse to group cohesion and solidarity. Most of the time, the impulse to solidarity was strong enough to hold the negative forces in check, there by providing the minimum of peace and good order that made social life possible. On many evenings, as the women came together in the shelter, there was sufficient good feeling and fellow feelings, when coupled with their common needs and circumstances, to allow a sense of community to sputter into life. For most women, the loneliness of their homeless state was a terrible burden to bear; this fragile bit of community, however small, was precious indeed. "Homelessness is the sum total of our dreams, policies, intentions, errors, omissions, cruelties, kindness, all of it recorded, in the flesh, in the life of the streets." (Marin 41).

Ansoff Matrix of Nintendo Essay

Barriers to Change Individual and Organisational Barriers to Change Obama | IYou must be the change you want to see in the world â€Å"Despite the potential positive outcomes, change is often resisted at both the individual and the organisational level† (Mullins, 99) It is in human nature to resist change. â€Å"We resist change. We choose to keep our habits, rather the comfort of our habits† (Dr. Claude Brodeur PhD, http://members. tripod. com/zenol/humanism. html). Change and the phenomenon of it, is fundamental to evolution; and yet it implies some sort of resistance. Resistance to change can take various forms and the task of filtering out the cause of resistance can often be difficult. Examples include change in work processes where the needs, expectations, and concerns of individuals are ignored. Change and resistance to it forms a knock-on-effect to both the construction and destruction of any organisation. Fear is one of the major forms of resistance to change and I shall discuss this in depth at a later stage. Alas resistance to change can be categorised to the organisational level and the individual level. It is these two separate levels which I shall discuss further exploring what steps may be taken to overcome resistance at both the organisational and individual level. The Organisational Barriers to Change There are a number of barriers to change at the organisational level that, need to be addressed to allow change to be implemented with the least amount of resistance. These include: Financial and Environmental Lack of working capital in an organisation can prevent it from introducing change that is necessary to stay ahead of competitors or merely survive as a business. The lack of finance could be due to a variety of factors. Lack of Resources and Bad Resource Allocation Lack of resources is an onset of financial and/or environmental issues as discussed in the above paragraph. Bad resource allocation, occur when managers make bad decisions in allocating resources such as money, time, machinery and staff. Structural An organisation that follows the traditional hierarchical structure tends to resist change more than that which has a more flat structure. Insufficient Communication There are two branches of communication, which are communication internally, within the organisation between Employees and Management and externally between the organisation and suppliers and customers. Lack of or Bad LeadershipStrong leadership is required in order to direct the change management process in any organisation. Bad leaders who merely provide are not doing enough to inspire the employees to march ahead. People want to be shown the way. Lack of Preparation for New Roles Organisations may lack in their planning phase. Failing to prepare and define the new roles that will need to be satisfied when change is implemented; shall give rise to resistance. Cultural Issues The culture of an organisation is a set of â€Å"unwritten rules†. Management may have a set of protocols for employees to adhere to perform business processes. The way a task is actually carried out depends namely on the culture Individuals Resisting Change There are a number of barriers to change at the individual level that, need to be addressed to allow change to be implemented with the least amount of resistance. These include: Fear News of change can invoke fear among employees. Employees may feel afraid of not being able to fulfil the new proposed changes to work practices that are being imposed. Employees may begin to question the future of their job, which shall cause much discomfort. People resist change due to anxiety, pessimism and different personal ambitions. Lack of Input into the change Individuals tend to resist change where they play not part in change. The idea of not knowing the change can cause a rift between the employees and management. Overcoming Resistance at Organisational and Individual Level Organisational Level Overcoming Undefined Goals and Objectives Goals and Objectives should be frequently redefined and relayed to all employees. This shall aid towards clearing up any misunderstanding and possible conflicts. Overcoming Financial and Environmental Issues Organisations should have a contingency fund to cater for changes in demand or develop a very good relationship with their bank manager in case you need to borrow money at hard times Overcoming Structural Problems and Insufficient Communication In a large organisation employees may wish to elect a spokes person who can act as a collective voice to air potential barriers directly to management Overcoming Lack of or Bad LeadershipIt is a natural human instinct to follow leadership as children we look up to our parents and as adults we look up towards our superiors Overcoming Lack of Preparation for New Roles The importance of planning must be emphasised and reflected. The new roles should be concisely explained to the respective employees prior to implementing change, to stifle out any doubts, fears or resistance. Overcoming Cultural Issues The cultural characteristics once identified need to be overcome and evolved into a non-blame culture Individual Level Employees should be directly involved in the change process, which shall motivate and reduce resistance. Extra incentives should be made available to further encourage and reward compliance. Support networks should be established as a means to reinforce the change theory. Appendix 1 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs depicts the theory of psychological needs, values of authority, hierarchy and rationality, security needs. The model consists of many levels. Maslow argues that once the basic level of Air food water and sex are met the next â€Å"hierarchical† or â€Å"rational† need is for safety. An organisation must concentrate on invoking a sense of â€Å"Belonging† to the organisation by keeping them informed, involved and sharing the success. Force Field AnalysisThe force field analysis helps identify the forces for change (drivers) and forces against change (resistance) in an organisation. Through analysis the author concludes that it important to note that even if you have more forces for change than against this may not actually guarantee you successful change. The key is to remove the barriers to change on the organisational and individual level. Force Field Analysis Figure 1 Field Force Analysis Twelve Principles for Managing Change These principles provide the cause and effect of managing change strategically: Thought processes and relationship dynamics are fundamental if change is to be successful. Change only happens when each person makes a decision to implement the change. People fear change it â€Å"happens† to them. Given the freedom to do so, people will build quality into their work as a matter of personal pride. Traditional organizational systems treat people like children and expect them to act like adults. Truth† is more important during periods of change and uncertainty than â€Å"good news. † Trust is earned by those who demonstrate consistent behaviour and clearly defined values. People who work are capable of doing much more than they are doing. The intrinsic rewards of a project are often more important than the material rewards and recognition. A clearly defined vision of the end result enables all the people to define the most efficient path for accomplishing the results. The more input people have into defining the changes that will affect their work, the more they will take ownership for the results. To change the individual, change the system.

Critical Thinking and B. Correct Essay Example

Critical Thinking and B. Correct Essay Example Critical Thinking and B. Correct Essay Critical Thinking and B. Correct Essay Essay Topic: Critical Thinking Brenda Del Moral| 2nd amp; 7th pd. | Rationales| 14. A. Incorrect, the first paragraph does not distinguish between two topics. B. Correct, because the first paragraph defines â€Å"genius†, an abstract idea. C. Incorrect, the paragraph does not offer a theorem about nature. D. Incorrect, is not present a contrast. E. Incorrect, the first paragraph does not cite a common misconception among critics 15. A. Incorrect, because the speaker does not talk about Rousseau’s precision. B. Correct, the speaker is critical Rousseau’s subjectivity. C. Incorrect, the speaker is not critical of Rousseau’s sympathy. D. Incorrect, the speaker does not mention Rousseau’s ambition. E. Incorrect, because the speaker does not mention aloofness. 16. A. Incorrect, the Paradise Lost does not reflect conflict between thought and feelings. B. Incorrect, the Paradise Lost is not meant to be an example of a work of genius. C. Incorrect, the Paradise does not draw a distinction between ordinary people and poets. D. Correct, the Paradise Lost is a work that reveals the views of its author. 17. A. Correct, the speaker says that Shakespeare’s is not bias, so that sets him apart. B. Incorrect, the speaker does not distinguish Shakespeare’s for his compassion towards humanity. C. Incorrect, the speaker does not emphasize Shakespeare’s ability to create new poetic forms. D. Incorrect, Shakespeare’s ability to manipulate poetic forms is not emphasized by the speaker. E. Incorrect, Shakespeare’s ability to imagine fantastic worlds and situations are not distinguished by the speaker. 18. A. Incorrect, the phrase does not suggest Shakespeare’s exploration of poetic forms. B. Correct, the phrase suggests Shakespeare’s ability to empathize. C. Incorrect, the phrase does not suggest Shakespeare’s capacity for critical judgment. D. Incorrect, the phrase does not suggest Shakespeare’s interest in originally in art. E. Incorrect, the phrase does not suggest Shakespeare’s interpretation of works by others. 19. A. Incorrect, the statement is not an example of a verbal irony. B. Incorrect, the statement is not an example of an understatement. C. Incorrect, the statement does not represent punning. D. Correct, the statement is a metaphorical allusion. E. Incorrect, the statement is not an example of proof by extended example.

IP essays

TCP/IP essays TCP/IP is one of the most important elements of Internet technology and is the element that makes intranets so easy to set up and use. The TCP/IP is actually a whole family of protocols, which provides the foundation to the Internet. TCP, meaning Transmission Control Protocol, and IP, meaning Internet Protocol, is the first thing that you can do before you can connect to the internet or do anything with your workstations. The TCP/IP protocol was first proposed in 1973 but was not until the year 1983 when the first standardized version was developed and adopted for the wide area use. TCP/IP is made up of various but limited addresses, are set up in different classes, and can add more host addresses and separate segments in a given network by using a thing called subnet mask. A mask used to determine what subnet an IP address belongs to. An IP address has two components, the network address and the host address. The IP address 150.215.017.009, Assuming this is part of a Class B network, the first two numbers (150.215) represent the Class B network address, and the second two numbers (017.009) identify a particular host on this network. Subnetting enables the network administrator to further divide the host part of the address into two or more subnets. A part of the host address is reserved to identify the particular subnet. This is easier to see if you show the IP address in binary format or not. The full address is: 10010110.11010111.00010001.00001001 The Class B network part is: 10010110.11010111 and the host address is 00010001.00001001 Every machine on the Internet has a unique identifying number, called an IP Address. A typical IP address looks like this: 216.27.61.137 To make it easier for us to remember, IP addresses are normally expressed in decimal format as a dotted decimal number like the one above. But computers communicate in binary form. Look at the same IP address in binary: 11011000.00011011.00111101....

Russias new leader (International Relations) Essay

Russias new leader (International Relations) - Essay Example Under Putin, Russia began consolidating itself after the traumatic experiences of moving to a market economy and losing ground in Europe. Thus, the recent presidential elections have again raised the specter of nationalism and a call from the president elect, Medvedev to the Russian people to help him regain Russia’s past glory. This paper takes a look at what the Russian elections of 2008 mean for Russia and its quest to regain its past glory. I also take a look at what kind of leaders are Medvedev and Putin apart from examining the Russian-Georgian conflict and the way in which Putin handled the same. According to Stratfor, a website devoted to geo-political affairs, â€Å"Despite ongoing demographic, economic and geopolitical problems, Russia is using every political and economic — and, increasingly, military — tool at its disposal to reassert itself in the former Soviet Union and try to rake back its former geopolitical position† (George Friedman, 2008). This has been accompanied by a string of actions ranging from going to the aid of South Ossetia and flexing its muscles over the missile deployment in Eastern Europe. The fact that Russia is on the ascendant and is likely to play a prominent role in the great power equations of the 21st century has been noted by other commentators as well. â€Å"If Russia was where history most dramatically ended two decades ago, today it is where history has most dramatically returned. Russia’s turn toward liberalism at home stalled and then reversed, and so has its foreign policy. Great power nationalism has returned to Russia and with it traditional great power calculations and ambitions† (Robert Kagan, 2008). Thus, ever since Putin began consolidating powers in the presidency, there has been a marked shift in the tone and attitude of Russia towards the world. This is in line with the expectations of the Russian people who want to return to their days of glory as a

The Effectiveness Of UK Anti-Corruption Policy A Research Proposal

The Effectiveness Of UK Anti-Corruption Policy A - Research Proposal Example The article explains that there are several macro-level and cross-country studies, which have focused on the effectiveness of specific anti-corruption strategies (Cooper & Shour, 2012: p126) and on the particular characteristics of countries that have managed to reduce their corruption levels to notably low levels (Burrell et al, 2010: p28). However, it was also noted that most studies of this kind normally provide for correlations, instead of broader causal relationships, especially given the significant differences that occur between different countries and regions. Therefore, in this research study, an attempt will be made to only utilize those evaluations of anti-corruption, which have been carried out at micro-level. This research study will evaluate econometric or observational, quasi-experimental, and experimental studies that have evaluated anti-corruption interventions at the micro-level that had to do with incentives and monitoring, as well as changes to systemic rules in reducing corruption among employees in the public sector in the UK. In searching for relevant literature, the researcher will look for English-language literature that was authored between 2002 and 2013. To do this, a search of major databases like EBSCO, JSTOR, and EconLit, will be carried out, as well as gray sources of literature like ProQuest, Index of Theses, NBER, and IDEAS. In addition, databases and websites of relevant government institutions and organizations will be used, while expert opinions and reference searches will be solicited and conducted respectively.